Swimming ranks as America’s fourth most popular recreational activity, with around 300 million people taking the plunge each year. While it offers a refreshing escape from summer heat, those inviting waters, especially pool, might harbor unexpected health risks. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has identified several recreational water illnesses (RWIs) that every swimmer should know about.
Understanding recreational water illnesses
RWIs spread through various ways in swimming environments, whether you’re enjoying pools, hot tubs, water parks, or natural bodies of water. You can contract these illnesses by swallowing contaminated water, breathing in water mists, or simply through skin contact. Understanding these risks helps you protect yourself and your family during summer fun.
The most common water-borne threat
Diarrhea stands out as the leading recreational water illness, causing significant concern among health experts. What makes this condition particularly troubling is its easy transmission in water environments. Even a small amount of contaminated water, if swallowed, can lead to infection.
The CDC emphasizes a crucial point: anyone experiencing diarrhea, or who has had it within the past two weeks, should avoid swimming altogether. This simple precaution helps prevent spreading the illness to others in the water.
When water gets trapped in your ears
Swimmer’s ear, medically known as otitis externa, presents another common challenge for water enthusiasts. This outer ear canal infection typically develops in the days following water exposure, bringing several uncomfortable symptoms:
Persistent itchiness in the ear canal Noticeable redness around the ear Swelling of the affected area Pain when touching or putting pressure on the ear Possible pus drainage from the infected ear
While swimmer’s ear can affect anyone, children face the highest risk. The condition often develops when water remains trapped in the ear canal for extended periods, creating an ideal environment for bacterial growth.
Protecting your ears while swimming
Prevention plays a key role in avoiding swimmer’s ear. After swimming, thoroughly dry your ears with a towel, tilting your head to each side to help water drain naturally. Avoid using cotton swabs, as they can push water deeper into the ear canal or cause injury. Swimming caps provide additional protection, especially for frequent swimmers.
The danger lurking in hot tubs
Hot tub rash represents a particularly uncomfortable water-related condition. This skin infection manifests through several distinct symptoms:
Itchy patches that develop into red, bumpy rashes More severe symptoms in areas covered by swimwear Pus-filled bumps around hair follicles Extended skin contact with contaminated water
These symptoms typically appear more frequently in poorly maintained hot tubs, where inadequate cleaning and chemical balance create perfect conditions for bacterial growth.
Preventing hot tub related skin issues
To protect yourself from hot tub rash, take these preventive measures:
Always wash your swimsuit after each use Check the hot tub’s pH levels (should maintain between 7.2-7.8) Ask about maintenance schedules before using public facilities Shower immediately after hot tub use Avoid staying in the water for extended periods
General prevention strategies for all water activities
Protecting yourself from recreational water illnesses requires a comprehensive approach:
Never swallow pool, hot tub, or recreational water Shower before and after swimming Take regular bathroom breaks when swimming Check facility inspection scores when available Keep ears as dry as possible during water activities
When to seek medical attention
While many water-related illnesses resolve on their own, certain symptoms warrant medical attention:
Persistent ear pain or discharge Rashes that worsen or show signs of infection Severe or prolonged diarrhea Fever accompanying any symptoms Difficulty hearing or balance problems
Making informed choices about water activities
Understanding these risks shouldn’t discourage you from enjoying water activities. Instead, use this knowledge to make informed decisions about where and when to swim. Check for proper maintenance of facilities, follow good hygiene practices, and stay aware of your body’s response to water exposure.
Regular pool maintenance and proper chemical balance play crucial roles in preventing these illnesses. When using public facilities, don’t hesitate to ask about their maintenance schedules and chemical testing procedures.
